He was a member of the Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad. In 2013, he entered electoral politics and ran for the Ujjain South constituency. He won by beating Congress candidate Jaysingh Darbar in the Ujjain South constituency of the 2013 Madhya Pradesh Assembly Election by 9,652 votes. Yadav got 73,108 votes, whereas, Darbar received 63,456.
He was re-elected in the 2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly elections, taking the seat of MLA for Ujjain South. He won by 18,960 votes over Congress candidate Rajendra Vashishtha Raju Bhaiya.
In 2020, he was sworn in as a cabinet member of the Madhya Pradesh government under the former Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan. He was MP's Minister of Education till 2023.
In the 2023 Madhya Pradesh State Assembly Elections, he ran from the…